nightmare

noun

night·​mare ˈnīt-ˌmer How to pronounce nightmare (audio)
1
: an evil spirit formerly thought to oppress people during sleep
2
: a frightening dream that usually awakens the sleeper
3
: something (such as an experience, situation, or object) having the monstrous character of a nightmare or producing a feeling of anxiety or terror
nightmare adjective
nightmarish adjective
nightmarishly adverb

Did you know?

Looking at nightmare, you might guess that it is a compound formed from night and mare. If so, your guess is correct. But while the night in nightmare makes sense, the mare part is less obvious. Most English speakers know mare as a word for a female horse or similar equine animal, but the mare of nightmare is a different word, an obsolete one referring to an evil spirit that was once thought to produce feelings of suffocation in people while they slept. By the 14th century the mare was also known as nightmare, and by the late 16th century nightmare was also being applied to the feelings of distress caused by the spirit, and then to frightening or unpleasant dreams.

Examples of nightmare in a Sentence

Mommy, I had a really scary nightmare. The party was a complete nightmare.
Recent Examples on the Web Garland’s motives are likely less cynical, but one of the chief criticisms of Civil War has been that the movie — directed with visceral muscularity and led by a haunting Kirsten Dunst — sets up an incendiary near-future nightmare while refusing to clarify the battle lines. David Rooney, The Hollywood Reporter, 23 Apr. 2024 There, Cleo, a thirteen-year-old girl, will face a horrible nightmare when her younger brother Martín is devoured by one of the native beasts. Jamie Lang, Variety, 23 Apr. 2024 If sports leagues are not careful, the sports betting industry’s dream can quickly turn into a nightmare for pro sports. Will Johnson, Fortune, 23 Apr. 2024 Diagrams showed that the rats’ brains were being studied through physical implants, and students could see that the operating room was a nightmare, littered with unsterile implements and the researchers’ food trash (the remnants of Vogel’s bagel sandwich, deliberately left behind). Bill Wasik and Monica Murphy Gabra Zackman Emma Kehlbeck Lance Neal, New York Times, 23 Apr. 2024 Coordinating schedules was something of a nightmare, and the hard work is still ahead, when all will gather in Kansas City for intensive rehearsals. Patrick Neas, Kansas City Star, 19 Apr. 2024 Aviva Siegel, who spent 51 days as a hostage in Gaza until she was released as part of the November deal, said her experience in captivity was a terrifying nightmare. Anna Schecter, NBC News, 18 Apr. 2024 Or might the impending heart attack have precipitated the nightmare? Joyce Carol Oates, The New Yorker, 15 Apr. 2024 The nightmare scenario leaders here had long warned about — a direct attack from Iran — provided a public showcase of the regional coalition and high-tech systems built to repel it. Loveday Morris, Washington Post, 14 Apr. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'nightmare.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Middle English nyghte mare, from nyghte night entry 1 + mare mare entry 3

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of nightmare was in the 14th century

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Dictionary Entries Near nightmare

Cite this Entry

“Nightmare.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nightmare. Accessed 28 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

nightmare

noun
night·​mare ˈnīt-ˌma(ə)r How to pronounce nightmare (audio)
-ˌme(ə)r
1
: a frightening dream
2
: a frightening or horrible experience
nightmarish adjective
Etymology

Middle English nightmare "evil spirit thought to haunt people during sleep," from night "night" and mare "spirit," from Old English mare "evil spirit haunting people in sleep"

Word Origin
In the Middle Ages many people believed in a type of evil spirit that was said to haunt people while they slept. Such a demon was known in Old English as a mare. Because it was believed to come in the night, it later became known in Middle English as a nightmare. It was not until the 16th century that the word nightmare came to mean "a frightening dream." This meaning probably came from the belief that such dreams were caused by evil spirits.

Medical Definition

nightmare

noun
: a frightening or distressing dream that usually awakens the sleeper

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